Introduction & scope of zoology, 17 January 2011

Reference:
Hickman et al. 2011. Integrated Principles of Zoology, 15th ed., McGraw-Hill, NY, Ch 1

The science of animals

Fields within zoology
     Classification—taxonomy & systematics
           Nested hierarchy
     Morphology (anatomy)
     Physiology
     Evolution & phylogeny
     Embryology (development, ontogeny)
     Behavior
     Ecology
     Conservation

The hypothetico-deductive method in science
      Observe patterns
      Ask question
      Pose hypotheses
      Derive predictions of hypotheses
      Design study to test hypotheses
      Conduct study and collect data
      Analyze data and evaluate consistency with hypotheses
      Reject or accept hypotheses
      Continued testing

"Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution." -Theo Dobzhansky

Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution

      Change
      Common descent
      Speciation
      Gradualism
      Natural selection

Homology—see Fig 1.15 in lecture text

Adaptive radiation (diversification)—see Fig 1.14